The Russian large-scale military attack on Ukraine on 24 February 2022 was a seminal moment that, regardless of how the war ends, will change the course of history. Understanding why and how this war came about, will be of profound importance to political leaders, academic experts, and society at large in the years to come. The aim of this Nobel Symposium is to start analysing the causes and motives, as well as the possible short and long-term implications, of Russia’s war of aggression. To address these and other questions, we will gather a group of academic, political, and military experts who are in the forefront of the international discourse on these topics. The papers presented at the Symposium will be published in an edited volume with a leading academic publishing house.